Do you want to build a house , but have not yet decided on the material. Maybe it will be brick, wood or block construction? In spite of what material you prefer to build a cottage , on and will depend on the terms of the structure, design of the future of the cottage and budget. Ate you want to build a house made of Home Improvement College Station wood, find out all the details about the building materials, hardware and tools that will be used in the process.
Boards and other wooden materials shall be made of spruce and pine. These materials require certain properties of durability, aesthetic appearance, durability, longevity, bio - and fire resistance of some elements for http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/remodeling the construction of the cottage . Materials suitable for mounting such as glue, nails, screws, staples, screws. Protection structure, reference ladder, ladder , working goats, a device for lifting the forest - all the tools that are indispensable.
The most important thing is to build a foundation that serves as a support for all loads or directly on the ground. It is made of concrete or reinforced concrete structures, which Best Home Improvement are subsequently poured in place. But before you put the foundation you need to explore the ground on which to build a cottage. Therefore, each project is unique and requires a foundation of private approach. All work on the construction of the cottage should be coordinated and complement each other. The next important stage in the construction - is the construction of the frame structure. Once the foundation design is ready, you can make the frame. It is constructed of battens.
The structure of the frame should go on with the plan. And if there are any problems, they should be consistent with the developer. When the frame i s ready, then you can proceed to the roof and the roof. If you have a low-rise building, you can buy the farm with NR-rafter in the finished form. They come in several forms: carved, rectangular, standard, cellular and Chardonnay design. The roof can sheathe in two ways: - leaving room for only an insignificant ventilation; - do the attic, which can be different sizes.
Here we inform you about the construction of a wooden cottage, pointed to those points that you need to know to man. The rest leave it to professionals.
LONDON, England (CNN) -- A landscape https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KhxCu6cQBMs restoration of a rubbish dump has won the Energy, Waste and Recycling category at the 2008 World Architecture Festival in Barcelona, Spain.
Spanish architects Batlle and Roig have returned a 150 hectare rubbish dump back to nature.
"La Vall d'en Joan" (The Valley of Joan) project, designed by Spanish architects Batlle and Roig, has transformed a 150 hectare site in the Garraf Natural Park, south-west of Barcelona into a green terraced agricultural landscape.
In awarding the prize, judges Luis Mansilla -- Mansilla + Tunon architects -- and Martin Keiding -- editor-in-chi ef of Arkitektur DK -- described the scheme as: "a perfect example of bringing dead nature back to life by converting rubbish into a beautiful piece of landscape architecture...using few and humble means".
Joan Roig of Batlle and Roig Architects told CNN: "The idea was to create a system of hills and banks in a way that would avoid erosion from water and to give the rubbish dump back to nature with a natural design."
Work to transform the site -- the largest landfill in Spain -- began in 2000 and was completed earlier this year. It is a striking redrawing of a previously scarred and polluted landscape.
The landfill has been servicing Barcelona's metropolitan area for over 30 years. More than 20 million tons of rubbish was spread around the valley before the site was closed in 2006. In some places, you would have to dig down over 100 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KhxCu6cQBMs meters before you found soil again.
But this isn't just a cosmetic makeover. There is an underground drainage system on site which filters contaminated waste fluids. Part of this recycled water is then used to irrigate the park. "The whole project is very sustainable," Roig said.
Furthermore, the dump is also utilizing the bio gas that is emitted to provide electricity.
Some of the rubbish has remained above ground. Housed in large steel cages which flank the entrance to the site, Roig says they serve as a permanent reminder to visitors of the site's previous life.
Judge, Martin Keiding told CNN: "It's a very beautiful and simple design. It is landscape architecture that is inspiring. It is a very good example that everyone could look at and say: 'We could do the same.' This competition is about pointing out good examples that could inspire architects."
Batlle and Roig's winning design was one of eight short-listed projects in the Energy, Waste and Recycling category, which was notable for the variety of entries.
They range from state of the art, hi-tech http://www.texasartificiallawns.com/ plans such as the Digital Beijing designed by Studio Pei Zhu and Urbanus, right down to low-cost, primitive ventures like the Community Cooker devised by Kenyan company, Planning Systems Services.
The communal cooker is turning rubbish into fuel to feed residents of one of Africa's biggest slums -- Kibera -- on the outskirts of Nairobi, Kenya. The project was highly commended b y the judges.
"Sustainability is a very important issue and so are the questions about rubbish, especially in Third World countries," Keiding said. "The community cooker is a way of introducing a solution directly into the society."
Keiding, himself a trained architect, believes that Energy, Waste and Recycling is the most important category at the inaugural World Architecture Festival. "We are facing big problems, so it is a great opportunity for architects to work seriously with this problem on many different levels.
"I think flashy executive buildings are interesting in one sense but they are not interesting if they are not dealing seriously with this matter. In my opinion you can throw them out. We have to be far more serious about integrating aspects of sustainability into architecture."
Both Mansilla and Keiding noted that engineering and architecture had to combine to deal with issues concerning waste and recycling. They said that achieving sustain ability was a difficult task but it also represented a great opportunity for architects to contribute to the sphere.
All About Architecture o Nature and the Environment
30 Funny and Catchy Slogans for Your Landscaping Business
A catchy slogan is a surefire way of compelling the interest of your potential customers. Your business will be minting in no time if your slogan resonates well with your company ideology and conveys the idea in a snappy way. Here...
How to Get Rid of Quackgrass
Quackgrass happens to be one of the most difficult weeds to get rid of. For those of us who hate to see this undesirous weed flourishing in our very dear space, this Buzzle article gives some effective methods to eradicate it...
Really Steal-worthy Landscape Ideas for Ranch Style Homes
If you just moved into a ranch style home, and are bored with the bare and large landscape of the house, then consider some landscape decorating ideas. Here are various simple and great looking landscape ide as for ranch style homes...
A Delightful Guide on Landscaping With Split Rail Fence
A landscaped garden can be made more attractive by using different types of fences. Split rail fences are one of the most rustic looking fences which can be incorporated in your landscape. This article will give you an idea on...
Easy-to-follow Tips on How to Grow Salvia Plants
Salvia plants are some of the most preferred garden plants, valued for their culinary, medicinal, and aesthetic uses. You can grow and maintain healthy salvias with little effo rt in your garden. This Buzzle article tells you how to...
Great Ideas for Landscaping With River Rocks
River rock landscaping ideas have always been one of the majorly used factors in improving the aesthetic values of outdoors. Read on and find some of these ideas mentioned in this article.
Landscaping With Railroad Ties Made Easy for You
Landscaping with railroad ties is a unique and beautiful way of decorating the exteriors of your house. In this article, you will find a few ideas for the same, so take a look and choose your favor ites.
Know Why to Use Concrete for Landscaping? Find Out Now
Planning to revamp your backyard or kitchen garden? There are a ton of decorative options that you can consider, where concrete will help you bring your ideas to fruition. Let's take a look at how to use concrete edging for flower...
Designing home landscapes is a fun activity. With proper planning and a bit of creativity, it is possible to make a decent one in your backyard. This article provides https://www.landscapingnetwork.com/plants/ some information about the same.
What You Should Know (But Don't) About Artificial Turf
Artificial turfs are rapidly gaining popularity, due to their many advantages over natural grass. The following article talks about this synthetic surface, which can be used for sports fields or in residential lawns.
Landscaping Ideas for Front of House
To increase curb appeal and to enhance the look of your home, it is essential that you incorporate some great landscaping ideas. In this article we are going to discuss some landscaping ideas for your home.
Low Maintenance Residential Landscaping
There are many of us who have struggled with trying to keep up our gardens. However, a little planning, and knowledge of some landscaping techniques will surely help in designing a beautiful yet low maintenance landscape garden.
Small Trees for Landscaping
Are you looking for information on small trees for landscaping? Here's som e information on small ornamental trees that can be used for the purpose of landscaping.
Common Shrubs for Landscaping
There are many shrubs like lilac, boxwood, spirea, holly, etc., that can be used for landscaping. One should make a choice depending on the soil and climatic conditions.
Edible Landscaping Ideas
Edible landscaping serves the dual purpose of landscaping and fresh edible plants. In this article, get some ideas about how you can have your own one.
How to Become a Landscape Architect
A landscape architect is a person who combines aesthetic vision with functionality to design a space. This article will tell you a bit about how to become a landscape architect. For all those who want to produce or restore...
Backyard Decorating Ideas
Are you planning to decorate your backyard? Today's trends demand more of you to make a long-lasting impression. Well, gardening, arbor, and patio are evergreen concepts that can enhance your backyard. You can improvise you r...
Careers in Landscape Architecture
If you are interested in working with nature, have a flair for creativity, and possess researching skills, you can pursue a career in landscape architecture. Let's Sprinkler System take a look at the career scope in this field.
From unfamiliar visitors to pesky local wildlife, man's best friend would do anything to protect us from potential https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uRbW3ayDWVQ harm. Even if that potential harm comes in the form of a sprinkler.
Deep down we appreciate their steadfast and earnest guardianship, of course, but we can't help but laugh when these heroic pups are thwarted time and again by their elusive grass-watering enemies. So in celebration of our four-legged warriors, we searched for some of the https://www.orbitonline.com/ funniest dog vs. sprinkler battles on the Web. Vote for your favorites below!
With all of the excitement around U.S. and Cuban relations finally opening up there is a host of questions around race and religion that are fundamental to the lives of Afro-Cuban religious practitioners left to be asked. On a recent trip to Cuba, a Cuban academic told me that whereas Havana used to be a "white city" (read, prosperous and cosmopolitan), due to the large influx of darker Cubans from the campo, rural outskirts of the island, Havana is now a "black city" (read, ghettoized and full http://www.indeed.com/q-electrician-jobs.html of crime). This "unfortunate" darkening of Havana was blamed on the influx of marginalized black Cubans trying to gain access to foreigners and tourism since the late 1990s. I was told that Santera, an Afro-Cuban religion practiced throughout the world, was partially to blame for this occurrence.
Santera, the most popular of the Afro-Cuban religions practiced on the island, has b een one of the ways in which black Cubans have had the ability to connect to larger international communities, and most importantly, gain access to foreign currency, goods, and travel. Given Cuba's position, as the birthplace of these practices, which fuses Yoruba and other African religious traditions with Catholic saints, travelers come from all over to undergo costly rituals, initiation ceremonies, and divination-based consultations with Cuban priests. Most of these priests are Afro-descendants, which in a country like Cuba that has tried to eradicate racism (and the idea of race itself), often makes for complex engagements with racial politics.
The Cuban Santera practitioners that I work with, mostly black, mostly marginalized, have had a very different experience with foreigners and remittances than their white Cuban counterparts. Even as great strides have been made by the Cuban revolutionary government to eliminate racial and gender discrimination, there is still t he everyday occurrence where black and mulata Cuban women are presumed to be prostitutes and excluded from public locations such as hotels or nightclubs. Or, Afro-Cuban men of all different tones are seen as hustlers and criminals. The same white Cuban academic who lamented the blackening of Havana, also described that for her, "there was no racism" on the island. She told me, "This is the greatest place to be a black person. It's going to take 50 or 100 years for blacks to reach the same intellectual and cultural level of whites. But, there's no racism here."
Santera is often given as an example of why blacks are perceived as intellectually and culturally inferior to whites. The religion is often inaccurately likened to devil worship, or sensationalized for its practices of animal Electrician Service College Station sacrifice, and spirit possession. Even Cuban whites that practice Afro-Cuban religions are thought to be "black lovers" (negreros) or described as "backwards" (atrazados) due to their religious association with a black Best Electrician Service religion. Nevertheless, practitioners, aware of this racist criticism of their belief, defend their religion. They show a commitment to an alternative understanding of the world that highlights black and female deities, and solutions to life's problems through ritual supplication, prayer, and the veneration of nature.
Like any other religion Santera practitioners are made up of a large gamut of diverse races, ethnicities, sexual orientations, national backgrounds, and political interests. American-based religious travelers to Cuba chose to continue to practice rituals on the island despite U.S. laws that greatly limit this exchange. What many practitioners have in common is a craving to understand the world from an alternative perspective. Santera gods are highly interacti ve: they sit, eat, and engage with practitioners through bodily possessions. They talk back to their adherents, give advice and remedies to health issues or financial concerns, and even comment on local politics. Rather than intellectually or culturally inferior, this alternative black Cuban practice might be better recognized as way to understand race, and the impact of racism on the island and abroad.
Why do Santera and other African diaspora religions continue to bear the burden of racism? The perception that African (and hence black) practices are lesser than or unequal to Christian or Western forms of religion, has a long history justifying racist practices since slavery. Yet this ethos that deems certain forms of humanity as morally superior and thus more enlightened, continues to be embedded in everyday thinking and racial politics. Just this month, an American S antera practitioner returning from Cuba through Mexico had his sacred religious deities (oricha) thrown away, with the customs agent in Mexico stating that he would have none of that "black witchcraft" in his country.
Racism is very much an everyday occurrence in Cuba and other parts of the Caribbean and Latin America, just as it is here in the United States. In the United States we are dealing with the effects of structural racism and violence on black lives at the hands of police, where it seems each day brings a new black victim at the hands of state violence. Even as black Cubans continue to live predominantly in lower standard housing arrangements, have less access to hard currency and resources, and their religious practices continue to be stigmatized as negative superstitions that hold back "progress," the last time there was rampant death of black Cubans at the hands of white police was the 1912 "race war."
As the United States attempts to hold Cuba accountable for its treatment of different marginalized groups in this opening up of relations, we would do well to think critically about racism and violence at home.
Sotheby's recently had an art world revelation. It dawned upon the iconic auction house that collectors from Russia and Eastern Europe are arriving at contemporary art sales with a bit more money in their pockets than they have in recent years.
According to Art Daily and figures from 2013, spenders from the region are dropping around 45% more money in the contemporary art category alone. In fact, the amount of new bidders from the other side of the Iron Curtain has increased by 33% in total since last year, spanning more than 40 collecting categories over all.
A woman looks at a painting on the so called East Side Gallery featuring the famous kiss between then Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev (L) and East German leader Erich Honecker by Russian artist Dmit ry Vrubel in Berlin on October 20, 2009. (JOHN MACDOUGALL/AFP/Getty Images)
So what did the auction mecca decide to do with these statistics? They've staged the first-ever sale dedicated to both Russian and Eastern European artist from the contemporary realm, pulling together around 100 paintings, photographs and sculptures http://cnspainters.com/ by figures from Ukraine, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Lithuania and Russia. Just when delineations between European Union nations, the enigmatic Eurasia and Mother Russia seemed more malleable than ever, Sotheby's swoops in with their own diplomatic (albeit arguably arbitrary) solution -- the "Contemporary East."
"This sale... offers an opportunity to reconceptualize the region's artistic production," Sotheby's notes on its website, "offering a fresh perspective rooted in long-standing historic relations and cultural heritage."
So is the sale about mone y and luring the growing segment of young collectors in and around Russia to its bidding block, or is "Contemporary East" an attempt at cultural illumination? Sotheby's is smartly towing the line.
"We are interested in exploring untapped markets with great potential, and bringing new names to the auction block," Jo Vickery, Senior Director and Head of Sotheby's Russian Art Department, explained in a press statement. "There is undoubtedly a huge wealth of artistic talent in Eastern Europe, Russia and the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) -- it's a great swathe of Europe spanning dozens of nations, which is still poorly represented in the international art market."
In honor of the sale, which took place this week and earned Sotheby's a relatively modest $3.9 million, we've compiled a list of the 7 Russian and Eastern European artists you should know.
1. Oleg Vassiliev
OLEG VASSILIEV, THE BROKEN TREE, 1990, oil and pencil on canvas, 170.4 by 132 cm; 67 by 52 in., ESTIMATE 70,000-90,000 GBP, Lot Sold: 86,500 GBP
2. Konstantin Zvezdochetov
KONSTANTIN ZVEZDOCHETOV, SUFFERING OF THE CHRISTIANS AND SAVAGERY OF THE PAGANS, 1995-2001
oil on canvas, 140 by 163 cm; 55 1/8 by 64 1/8 in., ESTIMATE 25,000-35,000 GBP, Lot Sold: 74,500 GBP
3. Semen Faibisovich
SEMEN FAIBISOVICH, NEW YORK SUBWAY N2, 1991, oil on canvas, 151 by 225 cm; 59 1/2 by 88 5/8 in., ESTIMATE 60,000-80,000 GBP, Lot Sold: 72,100 GBP
4. Timur Novikov
Timur Novikov, TANK ATTACK, signed, titled and dated 1989, oil on textile, 186 by 184 cm; 73 1/4 by 72 1/2 in., Estimate 25,000 - 35,000 GBP, LOT SOLD: 68,500 GBP
5. Ilya Kabakov
ILYA KABAKOV, HOLIDAYS NO. 6, signed, titled and dated 1987 on the stretcher, oil, collage and mixed media on masonite in artist's frame, 100 by 140 cm; 39 3/8 by 55 1/8 in., Estimate 800,000 -- 1,200,000 GBP, LOT SOLD. 962,500 GBP
6. Javad Mirjavadov
JAVAD MIRJAVADOV, VOYAGE TO MECCA, FROM THE EASTERN M INIATURE IMPROVISATIONS SERIES, 1985-1986, oil on canvas, 205 by 150 cm; 80 3/4 by 59 in., ESTIMATE 50,000-70,000 GBP, Lot Sold: 92,500 GBP
7. Georgy Gurianov
GEORGY GURIANOV, ROWER SERGEY, 1999, acrylic on canvas, 150 by 130 cm; 59 by 51 2/8 in., ESTIMATE 30,000-50,000 GBP, Lot Sold: 188,500 GBP
